Present tenses упражнения pdf. The Present Perfect Tense

Упражнения для закрепления Present Simple Tense

Упражнение 1. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Simple.

My working day (begin) at 7 o’clock. I (get) up and (do) my morning exercises. It (take) me fifteen minutes. At half past seven we (have) breakfast. My father and I (leave) home at 8 o’clock. He (take) a bus to his factory. My mother (be) a doctor, she (leave) home at 9 o’clock. In the evening we (gather) together in the living room. We (watch) TV and (talk).

(USUALLY) 1. My sister (to get) up at eight o"clock. 2. She (to be) a school-girl. She (to go) to school in the afternoon. 3. Jane (to be) fond of sports. She (to do) her morning exercises every day. 4. For breakfast she (to have) two eggs, a sandwich and a cup of tea. 5. After breakfast she (to go) to school. 6. It (to take) him two hours to do his homework. 7. She (to speak) French well. 8, My working day (to begin) at seven o"clock. I (to get) up, (to switch) on the radio and (to do) my morning exercises. It (to take) me fifteen minutes, At half past seven we (to have) breakfast. My father and I (to leave) home at eight o"clock. He (to take) a bus to his office. My mother (to be) a doctor, she (to leave) home at nine o"clock. In the evening we (to gather) in the living-room. We (to watch) TV and (to talk).

Упражнение 2. Образуйте отрицательную форму .

1. He goes to school every day.

2. My sister works here.

3. They eat a lot.

4. We work every day.

5. I come from Ukraine.

6. He comes from Germany.

7. They live in the USA.

8. He plays football every day.

9. I visit my parents very often.

10. His father works at an office.

11. She gets up at seven o’clock.

12. They play tennis very often.

13. We go to the cinema on Saturdays.

14. He wants to become a pilot.

15. My brother watches television every night.

16. I read newspaper every day.

17. Her father finishes his work at six o’clock.

18. Nick goes to bed at nine.

19. He goes to school by bus.

20. We skate once a week in winter.

Упражнениe 3 . Переведите на английский язык, употребляя глаголы в Present Simple.

1. Я работаю.
2. Мы работаем.
3. Они не работают.
4. Вы работаете? - Да.
5. Он работает? - Нет. Он учится.
6. Мой брат не учится. Он работает.
7. Моя сестра не читает книг.
8. Наша бабушка любит спать на диване.
9. Вы любите отдыхать в кресле?
10. Мы едим и пьем в кухне.
11. Мой брат не любит читать газеты.
12. Мы спим в спальне.
13. Мой брат спит на диване в жилой комнате.
14. Моя сестра одевается перед зеркалом.
15. Мой дядя пишет книги.
16. Мы пишем упражнения в школе.

Упражнения для закрепления Present Progressive Tense

Упражнения 1. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Progressive . ( NOW )

1.My book (to lie) on the table.
2. They (to work).
3. The doctor and her patient (to talk).
4. We (to cook) dinner. My mother (to make) a salad.
5. A young man (to drive) a car. He (to listen) music.
6. My grandfather (to read) a book.
7. The pen (to lie) on the floor.
8. You (to have) a break?
9. She still (to sing).

10. The boys (to run) about in the garden.

11. I (to do) my homework.

12. John and his friends (to go) to the library.

13. Ann (to sit) at her desk. She (to study) geography.

14. A young man (to stand) at the window. He (to smoke) a cigarette.

15. The old man (to walk) about the room.

16. The dog (to lie) on the floor.

17. You (to have) a break?

18. What language you (to study)?

19. Who (to lie) on the sofa?

20. What they (to talk) about?

21. It still (to rain).

Упражнения 2. Переведите на английский язык и раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Progressive . (NOW)

1.Мы пишем. 2. Они не читают. 3. Она не работаем. 4. Вы смотрите? 5. Он не читает. 6. Они не играют на пианино. 7. Я не пеку торт. 8. Она не поет. 9. Ее сестра не спит. 10. Бабушка не пьет чай? 11. Твои друзья пьют кофе? 12. Она работает за столом. 13. Я пишу письмо. 14. Я делаю упражнение. 15. Мальчики не плавают в бассейне. 16. Они играют в футбол? 17. Моя сестра моет пол. 18. Моя подруга помогает своему ребенку. 19. Ты помогаешь папе? 20. Ученики читают интересную историю.21. Они читают книгу. 21. Она идет в школу. 22. Они читают? 23. Твоя бабушка кушает конфеты? 24. Джон готовит ужин. 25. Билл бегает в парке.

1. Я читаю. 2. Он не пишет. 3. Мы не работаем. 4. Вы читаете? 5. Он спит? 6. Ник и Майк играют в футбол. 7. Кэйт играет на рояле. 8. Она не поет. 9. Моя сестра спит. 10. Папа пьет чай? 11. Твои родители пьют чай? 12. Я не сплю. 13. Она сидит за столом. 14. Мы делаем упражнение. 15. Мы не купаемся. 16. Они игра­ют во дворе? 17. Нина и Энн моют пол. 18. Ник помогает маме. 19. Ты помогаешь папе? 20. Моя сестра читает интересную книгу. 21. Они идут в школу. 22. Вы идете в школу? 23. Он работает? 24 . Твоя бабушка идет в магазин? 25. Он поку­пает конфеты. 26. Что делает твоя сестра? 27. Где играют дети? 28. Почему ты смеешься? 29. Куда они идут? 30. Что несут эти мальчики?

Упражнения для закрепления Present Perfect Tense

Упражнение 1. Соедините части предложения из правой и левой колонок таблицы.

Lots of things have happened

you just arrived?

Hello, have

film I’ve ever seen.

He has never

for three years.

It’s the most boring

since I last wrote to you.

I haven’t smoked

driven a car before.

Упражнение 2. Поставьте слова в правильном порядке, образовав предложение.

first / driven / this / is / the / a / he / has / time / car

ever / caviar? / you / have / eaten

me / hasn’t / to / nearly / written / for / month / Jill / a

it / raining / has / yet? / stopped

Упражнение 3. Решите 5 тестов (только один ответ верный).

1. … you … all the invitation cards to your friends yet? Why are they still on the table?
a) have not/send
b) haven’t/sent
c) hadn’t/sent
d) had/send

2. Shall I wait for her until she … . Yes, only when she returns you can go home.
a) has come
b) have come
c) coming
d) comes

3. … you … good friends since childhood or you … friends recently?
a) had been/had made
b) have was/have make
c) have been/have made
d) were been/made

4. She … just graduated from university. I wonder what she’s going to do next.
a) has
b) have
c) was
d) were

5. We … a nice jacket today. There’s a clearance sale (полнаяраспродажа) on the corner.
a) had bought
b) has bought
c) buyed
d) have bought

Как известно, времена группы Present включают в себя 4 времени глагола (tenses):

1. Present Simple Tense (уровень 2, intermediate) СКОРО
2. Present Continuous Tense (уровень 2, intermediate) СКОРО
   

В этом уроке мы рассмотрим, чем отличаются времена группы Present между собой и как они работают в активном залоге.

Упражнение (вводное). Выберите время глагола действия Present Simple, Present Continuous, Present Perfect или Present Perfect Continuous , которое вы бы использовали для перевода на английский язык следующих предложений:

Какая характеристика у глагола-действия в предложениях 1-4?

Вы можете проверить себя –

Обратите внимание, что

Present Simple , Present Continuous and Present Perfect Continuous переводятся на русский язык настоящим временем глагола, а

Present Perfect – прошедшим временем глагола.

Итак, подведем итог:

Present Perfect отвечает на вопрос что уже сделал(а)? — I have watched the cartoon.

Present Continuous отвечает на вопрос что еще делаю? — I am watching the cartoon.

Present Perfect Continuous отвечает на вопрос что делаю в течение …? — I have been watching the cartoon for 20 minutes.

Present Simple отвечает на вопрос что обычно делаю? — I watch cartoons every day.

Времена группы Present (Simple, Continuous, Perfect, Perfect Continuous). Упражнения

Упражнение 1. Сопоставьте время глагола и временное выражение (некоторые используются дважды):

Look! ever, always, never, seldom, often, now, nowadays, usually, at the moment, yet, already, just, recently, lately, every day, on Mondays, tonight, today, always, never, regularly, sometimes, once a year, once a week, Listen! How long…? for, since, these days, still, etc

Present Simple	Present Continuous	Present Perfect	Present Perfect Continuous
always,

Упражнение 2. Раскройте скобки, чтобы получить Present Simple или Present Perfect.

1. I can’t speak about the book. I (not read) it yet.
2. Every day I (wind up) my watch at 7 o’clock in the morning.
3. It’s Friday. … you (see) him this week?
4. It’s a pity, but I (not buy) this dictionary yet.
5. As a rule, we (do) many exercises in class.
6. He (tell) this joke many times.
7. I already (translate) these sentences into French.
8. They (have) their English many hours a week.
9. She (work) much and usually (get) many good marks.
10. We (buy) a new TV set this year.

Упражнение 3. Раскройте скобки, чтобы получить Present Simple, Present Continuous или Present Perfect.

1. I must know what you (talk) about. 2. I (be) in this country for some time. 3. He (admire) you greatly. He (see) the play three times. 4. I (not know) what Harry (tell) you. 5. I want to see how much he (change) since I (see) him last. 6. We (be) to the cinema about twice a week since then. 7. Hello, what you (do) here at this late hour? 8. I (think) you never (do) any harm to people. 9. I always (stay) at home in the evenings. 10. I (hear) you (look) for a new house.

Упражнение 4. Раскройте скобки, чтобы получить Present Simple, Present Continuous, Present Perfect Continuous или Present Perfect.

1. Is Andy here? – I don’t know, I … (not see) him today.
2. Where … you … (go)? – To the library.
3. Would you like … (borrow) this magazine? – No, thanks. I … (read) it before.
4. Betty’s bus … (arrive) at 5 o’clock. I must go and meet her at the bus station.
5. Have you seen my record book? I … (look) for it all the morning.
6. Mike … (talk) to his friend for an hour already.
7. More and more forests … (disappear) because of fires nowadays. (Времена, уровень 3)
8. How long … you … (work) on this problem?
9. The first lesson … (not finish) at 9.45.

PRESENT TENSES. REVISION .

I.Choose the right variant:

1.He … the test for 40 minutes.

a)writes b)has been writing c)is writing

2.We … already … the text.

a)have… translated b)has been translating c)are translating

3.They are flying over the ocean… .

a)for 3 hours b)every week c)at this moment

4.She often… by Delta.

a)travels b)is travelling c)has travelled

5.How long … you …reading this book?

a)have..been b)are c)is

6.MrsBrown … me English.

a)is teaching b)teach c)teaches

7.I have been studying History … .

a)for 5 years b)now c)already

8.I…not … you for ages.

a)have… seen b)have …been seeing c)don’t see

9.We … to school every day except Sunday.

a)are going b)goes c)go

10.Look out of the window! It … now.

a)rains b)is raining c)has been raining

II.Put the verb given in brackets in all Present tenses.

Joey (fly) over the ocean.

III.Ask questions:

We have been translating this text for two hours.

a)yes/no b)who c)how long d)or e)tag

IV.Open the brackets putting the verb in the right tense.

I…just(receive) your letter and now I (write)to you.

I am very busy preparing for my exams. It is 9p.m. now and

I (sit) at my desk. I I(sit) here since 11a.m. I (do/not) all the exersises yet.

Thank you for everything you have done for me. I hope to hear from you soon.

1.b 2.a 3.c 4.a 5.a 6.c 7.a 8.a 9.c 10.b

1. Joey flies over the ocean every summer.

2. Joey is flying over the ocean now.

3. Joey has already flown over the ocean.

4. Joey has been flying over the ocean for two hours.

III. 1. Have we been translating this text for two hours?

2. Who has been translating this text for two hours?

3. How long have we been translating this text ?

4. Have we been translating this text for two or three hours?

5. We have been translating this text for two hours, haven’t we?

I have just received your letter and now I am writing to you. I am very busy preparing for my exams. It is 9 p.m. now and I am sitting at my desk. I have been sitting here since 11 a.m. I haven’t done all the exercises yet. Thank you for everything you have done for me. I hope to hear from you soon.

Статья позволит вам попрактиковать все времена на английском языке.
Для начала посмотрите примеры спряжения предложения во всех временах.

Пример # 1

I wait for the bus every day. Present Simple
I waited for the bus yesterday. Past Simple
Maybe I will wait for the bus tomorrow. Future Simple
I am waiting for the bus at the moment. Present Continuous

I was waiting for the bus when you called. Past Continuous
I will be waiting for the bus again this time tomorrow. Future Continuous
I have waited for the bus many times in my life. Present Perfect
I had waited for the bus before I took a taxi. Past Perfect

If the bus doesn’t come, I will have waited for the bus for no reason. Future Perfect
I have been waiting for the bus since 9 o’clock. Present Perfect Continuous
I had been waiting for the bus for an hour when it finally arrived. Past Perfect Continuous
By 10 o’clock, I will have been waiting for the bus for 45 minutes. Future Perfect Continuous

Have you decided to take the train? No, I’m going to take the bus. ‘Going to’ Future

НА ЗАМЕТКУ

В реальной разговорной и письменной речи сами носители языка используют семь из 12 английских времен, это:

• Present Simple
• Past Simple
• Future Simple
• Present Continuous
• Past Continuous
• Present Perfect
• Present Perfect Continuous

Пример # 2

She visits London once a year. Present Simple
She is currently visiting London. Present Continuous
She has visited London several times in the past. Present Perfect
She has been visiting London since Monday. Present Perfect Continuous

She visited London 3 years ago. Past Simple
She was visiting London when she met him. Past Continuous
She had visited London once before she moved to England. Past Perfect
She had been visiting London for a few days when she had to return home. Past Perfect Continuous

She will probably visit London next year. Future Simple
She will be visiting London this time next year. Future Continuous
She will have visited London 6 times by the end of this year. Future Perfect
By tomorrow morning, she will have been visiting London for five days. Future Perfect Continuous

Has she arranged her day trip tomorrow? Yes, she is visiting London with the guide. Present Continuous
Has she decide where to go next year? Yes, she is going to visit London again. ‘Going to’ Future

Упражнения на все времена

Упражнение # 1

Проспрягайте предложение во всех временах: I do the laundry.

Правильные ответы к упражнению # 1

I do the laundry.
I did the laundry.
I’ll do the laundry.

I’m doing the laundry.
I was doing the laundry.
I will have been doing the laundry.
I’ll be doing the laundry.

I have done the laundry.
I had done the laundry.

I’ll have done the laundry.
I have been doing the laundry.
I had been doing the laundry.

Упражнение # 2

Поставьте глаголы в нужном времени.

1. At two o’clock I (go) to the supermarket,
2. I (drive) my car when I saw my friend and I said ‘hello’.
3. Tomorrow I (eat) sushi.
4. I (be) to Italy.
5. I (drive) home from work every day.

6. He (have) trouble finishing the project.
7. When .. you (arrive) home yesterday?
8. (Have) you (have) your dinner yet?
9. This restaurant (become) very popular.
10. Doctors (discover) cures for many diseases.

Правильные ответы к упражнению # 2

1. At two o’clock I went to the supermarket,
2. I was driving my car when I saw my friend and I said ‘hello’.
3. Tomorrow I will eat sushi.
4. I have been to Italy.
5. I drive home from work every day.

6. He is having trouble finishing the project.
7. When did you arrive home yesterday?
8. Have you had your dinner yet?
9. This restaurant has become very popular.
10. Doctors have discovered cures for many diseases.

Упражнение # 3

В каком времени указаны предложения?

1. I drive home from work every day.
2. What did you eat for dinner?
3. I’m driving from work.
4. My brother lives in Chicago.
5. I have never been to space.

6. We’re having a great time on vacation.
7. I’m thinking about taking a trip around the world.
8. I have travelled the world.
9. He will have been eating his pizza.
10. I was recording a class for Youtube when you called.

Правильные ответы к упражнению # 3

1. I drive home from work every day. Present Simple
2. What did you eat for dinner? Past Simple
3. I’m driving from work. Present Continuous
4. My brother lives in Chicago. Present Simple
5. I have never been to space. Present Perfect

6. We’re having a great time on vacation. Present Continuous
7. I’m thinking about taking a trip around the world. Present Continuous
8. I have travelled the world. Present Perfect
9. He will have been eating his pizza. Future Perfect Continuous
10. I was recording a class for Youtube when you called. Past Continuous

Упражнение # 4

Найдите ошибки

A) I have travelling the world.
B) This bike cost $50.
C) I am is Australian.
D) Man has been to the Moon.
E) I have been run. 3. The sky is blue. Present Simple
4. I watch the TV. Present Simple
5. How many hours do you work a week? Present Simple
6. He has worked here for 5 years. Present Perfect
7. We have been in a realtionship for three months. Present Perfect
8. I’m going to call Kate after lunch. Present Continuous
9. She has already written 40 books. Present Perfect
10. Mother will bath the baby in a small tub. Future Simple

Упражнение # 6

Проспрягайте предложение: David closes the door.

Правильные ответы к упражнению # 4

Dave closed the door. past simple
Dave was closing the door. past cont.
Dave had closed the door. past perfect
Dave had been closing the door. past perfect cont.
David will close the door. future simple
David will be closing the door. future cont.

Упражнение 1. Вставь глагол to be в Present, Past or Future Simple.

1. The students … in the Russian Museum. 2. Last month they … in the Hermitage. There … an interesting exhibition there. 3. In two weeks they … in the Tretyakov Gallery. They… lucky. 4. My father … a teacher. 5. He … a pupil twenty years ago. 6. I … a doctor when I grow up. 7. My sister … not at home tomorrow. 8. She … at school tomorrow. 9. … you … at home tomorrow? 10. …your father at work yesterday? 11. My sister … ill last week. 12. She … not ill now. 13. Yesterday we … at the theatre. 14. Where … your mother now? - She … in the kitchen. 15. Where …you yesterday? - I … at the cinema. 16. When I come home tomorrow, all my family … at home. 17. … your little sister in bed now? - Yes, she ….18. … you … at school tomorrow? - Yes, I … . 19. When my granny … young, she … an actress. 20. My friend … in Moscow now. 21. He … in St. Petersburg tomorrow. 22. Where … your books now? - They … in my bag.

Упражнение 2. Вставь глагол to be в Present, Past or Future Simple.

Ronald Frank ... a managing director of the First Bank of Kingsville in Main Street. He ... always on a business trip. Yesterday he ... in Geneva. Tomorrow he ... in London. Last week he ... in Chicago. Next week he ... in New Orleans. At the moment he ... in Amsterdam. In two hours he ... in the Hague. Three days ago he ... in Paris. At the end of his trip he ... usually very tired but happy. He ... with his family now. His sons ... so much excited. They have got new toys from their father. Everybody in the family ... very glad to see him at home again.

Упражнение 3. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Simple.

(USUALLY) 1. My working day (to begin) at seven o"clock. I (to get) up, (to switch) on the radio and (to do) my morning exercises. It (to take) me fifteen minutes. My sister (to get) up at eight o"clock. She (to be) a schoolgirl. She (to go) to school in the afternoon. Jane (to be) fond of sports. She (to do) her morning exercises every day. At half past seven we (to have) breakfast. My father and I (to leave) home at eight o"clock. He (to take) a bus to his factory. My mother (to be) a doctor, she (to leave) home at nine o"clock. In the evening we (to gather) in the living room. We (to watch) TV and (to talk).

Упражнение 4. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Past Simple.

The legend of Lake Naroch.

Many years ago there __________ (live) a girl called Nara. She _____ (can) sing very well and play the psaltery .She _____ (love) a young man and ________ (want) to marry him. One day she was sitting near a large beautiful lake when a rich man ________ (see) her. He _______ (like) Nara so much that he_________ (want) to marry her. As Nara________ (have) a groom (жених) she________ (not want) _______ to marry the rich man. But the rich man_______ (be) very stubborn (упрямый), and his servants ___________ (kill) Nara’s groom and __________ (take) Nara to the rich man’s palace. The girl ______ (be) so unhappy that when everybody was sleeping, she ________ (set) fire to the palace, and _______ (run) away. When the rich man________ (learn) about it, he _____ (send) his servants (слуги) after Nara. As she ___________ (cannot) run away from them, Nara ___________ (dive) into the lake and____________ (die). From that time the lake was named Lake Naroch.

Упражнение 5. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present, Past или Future Simple.

1. I (to go) to bed at ten o"clock every day.

2. I (to go) to bed at ten o"clock yesterday.

3. I (to go) to bed at ten o"clock tomorrow.

4. I (not to go) to the cinema every day.

5. I (not to go) to the cinema yes­terday.

6. I (not to go) to the cinema tomorrow.

7. You (to watch) TV every day?

8. You (to watch) TV yesterday?

9. You (to watch) TV tomorrow?

10.When you (to leave) home for school every day?

11.When you (to leave) home for school yesterday?

12.When you (to leave) home for school tomorrow?

13.My brother (to go) to work every day. He (to leave) home at a quarter past eight. The office where he (to work) is near our house, he (to walk) there. He (not to take) a bus. Yesterday he (not to go) to work. Yesterday he (to get) up at nine o"clock.

14.You (to have) a PT lesson yesterday? - No, I....

15. What you (to buy) at the shop yester­day? - I (to buy) a book.

16. Yesterday my father (not to read) newspapers because he (to be) very busy. He (to read) newspapers tomorrow.

Упражнение 6. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present, Past или Future Simple.

1. Не (to turn) on the television to watch cartoons every morning.

2. He (to turn) on the television to watch cartoons yesterday morning.

3. He (to turn) on the television to watch cartoons tomorrow morn­ing.

4. I always (to go) to the village to visit my granny there.

5. I (to be) very busy last sum­mer and I (not to go) there.

6. I (not to go) there next year.

7. Who (to take) care of the child in the future?

8. How often you (to go) to the dentist"s?

9. He even (not to know) how to use the washing machine.

10. Two years ago they (to be) rich and money (to be) never a problem.

11. You (to think) you (to be) happy in your new neighborhood?

12. When the cabbage soup (to be) ready?

13. When (to be) your birthday?

14. Who (to create) Mickey Mouse?

Упражнение7. Составь вопросы .

1. The children will ski in winter. (Who? When?)

2. The forest is green in spring. (What? When?)

3. Rabbits wear white fur in winter. (Who? When?)

5. I"ll fly to Britain next month. (Who? When? Where?)

6. Yesterday we went to the park. (Who? When? Where?)

7. My friends will go to school tomorrow. (When? Where?)

8. Last year autumn was cold. (What? When?)

9. He swam very well two hours ago. (Who? When?)

10. In the evening I read books. (What? When?)

Упражнение 8. Раскрой скобки. Поставьте глагол в Present Simple Passive.

a. English ____________________ (speak) in many countries.

b. The post ______________________ (deliver) at 7 o’clock every morning.

c. ______________________________ (the building/use) anymore?

d. How often ______________________________ (the Olympic Games(hold)?

e. How _______________________ (your name/spell)?

f. My salary _____________________ (pay) every month.

g. These cars _________________________ (not make) in Japan.

h. The name of the people who committed the crime _____________________ (not know).

Упражнение 9. Раскрой скобки. Поставьте глагол в Past Simple Passive .

a. My car ______________________ (repair) last week.

b. This song ________________________ (not write) by John Lennon.

c. ________________________________ (the phone/answer) by a young girl?

d. The film ________________________ (make) ten years ago.

e. When ______________________________ (tennis/invent)?

f. The car ________________________ (not damage) in the accident.

g. The original building _________________________ (pull) down in 1965.

h. Where ______________________________ (this pot/make)?

i. When _______________________________ (this bridge/build)?

Упражнение 10. Перепишите текст, поставив выделенные глаголы в страдательный залог.

Fire almost completely destroyed the Royal Hotel last night. By the time someone called the Fire Brigade, the hotel was already blazing. Ambulance took fifteen people to hospital suffering from severe burns. They say that seven of them are in a serious condition. People think that a discarded cigarette started the fire.

(E.g.: The Royal Hotel was almost completely destroyed by fire last night By the time the Fire Brigade was called, ...)

Упражнение 11. Раскройте скобки.

1. My car (damage) last night.

2. This computer (make) in the USA.

3. The machine (make) in Scotland.

4. The President (kill) last night.

5. The money (change into dollars) at the bank.

6. The parcel (post) yesterday.

7. Cheese (make) from milk.

Упражнение 12. Постройте предложения в страдательном залоге, используя слова в скобках.

a. We sell tickets for all shows at the Box Office. (Tickets for all shows/sell/at the Box Office)_______________________________________________.

b. Thomas Edison invented the electric light bulb. (The electric light bulb/invent/by Thomas Edison) ________________________________________.

c. Someone painted the office last week. (The office/paint/last week) ___________________________________________________________.

d. Several people saw the accident. (The accident/see/by several people) _____________________________________________________________.

e. Where do they make these video recorders? (Where/these video recorders/make) _________________________________________.

Упражнение 13. Постройте предложения в страдательном залоге.

1. They told me an interesting story yesterday.

2. They offered him a cup of tea.

3. They teach the children French and German.

4. They will show us some new magazines.

5. They gave him an invitation card to the party.

6. The teacher always answers the students’ questions.
7. The team will celebrate their victory tomorrow.
8. I bought this book a week ago.

9. They produce cars in this factory.

10. The police will arrest the robbers.

ВРЕМЕНА ГРУППЫ CONTINUOUS.

Группа Continuous (Progressive) представлена в английском языке временами:

· The Present Continuous (Progressive) Tense - настоящее продолженное время,

· The Past Continuous (Progressive) Tense – прошедшее продолженное время,

· The Future Continuous (Progressive) Tense – будущее продолженное

Времена группы Continuous обозначают действия, которые протекают, протекали или будут протекать в определённый момент настоящего, прошедшего или будущего времени. Дополнительной характеристикой является процесс, т.е. незаконченность выполнения данного действия на определённый момент времени.

Любое время группы Continuous образуется по общей схеме:

to be + Participle I (Ving)

V - это глагол.

Present Continuous: I am listening to the radio. - Я слушаю радио .

Past Continuous : When he came in I was listening to the radio. – Когда он вошел , я слушал радио .

Future Continuous: When you come I shall be listening to the radio. – Когда ты придешь , я буду слушать радио .

The Present Continuous Tense (Настоящее продолженное время).

Образование Present ContinuousTense.

1. The Present Continuous (Progressive ) Tens e образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола to be в настоящем времени и причастия настоящего времени Present Participle :

am is Ving are

Present Participle образуется от инфинитива без частицы to с помощью прибавления суффикса –ing: to do – doing.

· Если глагол заканчивается на «e» , а перед ней стоит согласная, то «e» исчезает: use-using, manage - managing. Но: dye - dyeing.

· Буква «l» на конце слова удваивается: travel - travelling.

· А вот «у» , несмотря на предыдущие согласные или гласные буквы, сохраняется: stay - staying, study - studying.

· Согласная после краткого ударного слога удваивается: stop - stopping, sit - sitting .

· «ie» меняется на «y » на конце глагола: die - dying.

2. Отрицательная форма образуется при помощи частицы not , которая ставится после вспомогательного глагола: I am not working. He is not working. We are not working.

3. В вопросительной форме вспомогательный глагол ставится перед подлежащим: Am I working? Is he working? Are you working?

В разговорном английском языке вместо полных форм обычно употребляется сокращенные: is not - isn’t , are not -aren’t

Употребление Present Continuous Tense.

1. Для выражения длительного действия, совершающегося в момент речи:

· She is typing a letter. - Она печатает письмо (сейчас).

Глаголы в форме настоящего продолженного времени часто употребляются с обстоятельствами now - сейчас, at the moment - в настоящий момент. Однако часто эти слова в предложении отсутствуют, так как они всегда очевидны из самой формы глагола.

2. Для выражения длительного действия, совершающегося в настоящий период времени, хотя и не обязательно в момент речи:

· Не is writing a new play. - Он пишет новую пьесу.

3. Для обозначения действий, являющихся постоянной характеристикой определенного человека. Речь говорящего в этом случае приобретает эмоциональный оттенок (раздражение, похвала, осуждение и т.п.). В таких предложениях, как правило, есть наречия always, constantly:

· Oh, I have no patience with you! Why are you always losing your keys? - О, мое терпение лопает! Почему ты всегда теряешь ключи?

4. Для обозначения запланированного действия в будущем, когда высказывается намерение совершить действие или уверенность в его совершении (часто употребляется с глаголами движения):

· The teacher is making a test on Monday. - Преподаватель проведет контрольную в понедельник.

5. Глаголы состояния в Continuous не употребляется, т.к. они сами обозначают процесс. Эти глаголы употребляются в Simple:

To love (любить);

To have (иметь);

To look (выглядеть);
- to think (думать);
- to want (хотеть);
- to live (жить);
- to be (быт, находиться);
- to feel (чувствовать);
- to see (видеть);
- to know (знать);
- to remember (помнить);
- to hear (слышать);
- to stay (оставаться);

Исключение составляет тот случай, когда хотят показать, что данное состояние временное.

· How are you feeling? - Great. – Как ты себя чувствуешь? –Великолепно.

Некоторые из вышеперечисленных глаголов могут использоваться в форме Соntinuous, но значение их при этом меняется:

Verb	Simple	Continuous
To think	в значении "иметь мнение" What do you think of classical music? – Что ты думаешь о классической музыке?	в значении "иметь что-то в мыслях, думать", т.к. это умственная деятельность, а не состояние: You aren’t listening to me? What are you thinking about? – Ты меня не слышишь? О чем ты думаешь?
To have	в значении "иметь, владеть" I have a big family . -У меня большая семья.	в составе словосочетаний: have a shower have a bath have breakfast/lunch/dinner have a good time have a headache/toothache He is having his lunch. – Он обедает.
To see	"понимать,видеть" I see you. - Я вижу вас. I see what you mean. - Я понимаю, о чем вы.	в значении "встречаться, видеться с кем-либо" I am seeing my dentist tomorrow. - Завтра я встречаюсь со своим стоматологом.
To feel	в значении "быть на ощупь" Wool feels soft .- Шерсть мягкая на ощупь.	"касаться, трогать, дотрагиваться, щупать" The doctor is feeling my forehead. - Врач трогает мой лоб.
To look	"выглядеть, иметь вид" You look tired. – Ты выглядишь усталой.	"смотреть на что-либо" What are you looking at? – На что ты смотришь?